Sunday, September 30, 2012

Water And Its Temperature

Just as tea set is an important aspect of tea making, water is equally so because no tea can be made without water. The quality of water is key to the taste of the tea liquid.
People down the ages have left many incisive comments on water for making tea. The quality of tea depends on the water. Good tea made with excellent water becomes excellent, while excellent tea made with good water is only good." This is also true for Pu-erh tea. There are people who go to the extent of fetching water from mountain springs in order to make tea with its sweet water. It requires special abilities and also offers great pleasure to appreciate the subtle differences in the tea made from different types of water. The best choice is the mountain spring water, which, after being nourished in the pottery jar, will give the Pu-erh tea a mellower taste.
Usually pure water and mineral water is used to make Pu-erh tea. Potable tap water can also be used, but it is better to leave the water in a container for a day and a night to disperse the chlorine before using it to make tea.
The temperature of the water depends on the types of tea. When brewing Pu-erh tea made of tender buds like the Gongting (Imperial) Pu-erh Tea Cake and Nv'er (Maiden) Tribute Tea Cakes from the Menghai Tea Factory, the water should cool down a little after being boiled to avoid scorching the tender leaves. But for other types of Pu-erh tea cakes and tea bricks, it is better to use boiling water.

Saturday, September 29, 2012

Preparing Tea Ware

Tea ware is the most important aspect in the making of tea. One characteristic of the Oolong tea lies in its special tea ware. In the past, there was no special tea ware for making and appreciating Pu-erh tea. People choose tea ware according to their likes.
In recent years, some conventions have been formed to help choose tea ware for Pu-erh tea. For example, for raw Pu-erh tea, choose tea ware that is used for brewing the slightly fermented Oolong tea.
For processed tea and old tea, choose purple clay ware or cups with a porcelain surface. Bright red Pu-erh tea liquid is complemented by porcelain cups or porcelain and purple-clay cups with white glazed lining. The volume of the cup can be similar or bigger than that of the cup used for Oolong tea.
Some people use glassware with containers inside to make Pu-erh tea. They are convenient and fashionable.
It is not essential to use the entire set of porcelain, purple-clay or other ware. Tea wares of different materials can be mixed and used in combination. For example, a purple-clay teapot with porcelain teacups, a porcelain-covered teacup with purple-clay cups can be put together. A glass fairness cup can be added to the above combination. Or glass-covered cups can be used with tea ware of other materials to highlight the bright red tea liquid.
Other complementary wares include ceremony tea ware, tea cloth, water bowl and strainer, among which the last is a necessary tool.
And don't forget the tea knife for loosening tea cakes
Besides, the harmonious coexistence of the various ethnic groups such as Dai, Hani, Blang and Jinuo in the Pu-erh tea producing areas who have been picking and producing Pu-erh tea for generations has developed many unique and primitive tea appreciation methods The handmade pottery tea ware is traditional and simple With such special ware, we can better appreciate the fragrance and natural tough spirit of the tea.
Tea drinkers can mix and match tea ware according to their tastes and the characteristics of the types of Pu-erh tea.
Next, let us learn about the major types of wares used for making and appreciating Pu-erh tea.

1. Boiling kettle
In the present times, the convenient electric kettle is most popular. The ideal way for making quality Pu-erh tea is to use a pottery kettle to boil spring water from the mountain. Water boiled in pottery or copper kettles over fire will surely add to the flavor of the tea. But before being used, the newly bought pottery kettles should be cleaned and rid of the earthen smell, first with clean water, and then with boiled water twice.
2. Tea ware
Use pottery, porcelain, glass teapot and covered tea cups for brewing Pu-erh tea.
Purple-clay teapot
Yixing purple-clay teapot is the first choice for making Pu-erh tea. Purple-clay teapots are air permeable, absorbent and preserve heat. They preserve the fragrance and taste of the tea well. Use round, thick- walled, rough-sanded purple-clay teapots, which allow tea liquid to flow smoothly, to make processed tea and preserved raw tea. Such pots reduce the smell of pile fermentation of processed tea and the moldy smell of old tea. With proper care, purple-clay teapots can enhance the fragrance and mellowness of the Pu-erh tea over time.
Contrary to the small teapots best for Oolong tea, bigger ones should be used to make Pu-erh tea. For two to three drinkers, a purple-clay teapot of 250ml is good. And for more people, larger teapots can be chosen. The best choice is a pot with good heat dissipation property and a wide mouth allowing easy flow of the tea liquid.
Newly bought teapots (not those that have been used before sale) should be cleaned by boiling pure water or tea liquid to get rid of the typical smell of the kiln or earth. It is better to use the new pots for some time before making good tea in it. This ensures the teapots and the tea complement each other. Besides, porcelain teapots and covered can also be used to make tea.
Covered tea bowls
Covered tea bowls are convenient to use and are a good choice to make various kinds of tea. Astute shopkeepers often use them to make sample tea so that the buyers can taste the tea, smell the fragrance and see the dry leaves absorb the water.
Due to the easy appreciation of the change in the tea liquid in the covered tea bowls, their visual appeal and their practical purpose, covered tea bowls, especially those made of porcelain, are often used in making Pu-erh tea.
3. Teacups
Teacups of different materials can be used for common use. But bigger ones are better.
These days you find a wide-mouthed teacup bigger than the Gong Fu teacup with a volume of 200ml. This shows Pu-erh tea should be appreciated in big teacups. The thick, wide¬-mouthed teacup complements the mild, mellow and primitive rough taste of Pu-erh tea.
White porcelain or celadon cups enhances the appreciation of the color of the Pu-erh tea liquid. Glass cups are also good.
4. Fairness cups (Gongdao Bei)
Pu-erh tea is famous for its bright and colorful tea liquid. People often compare its color to preserved red wine, amber, garnet and ruby, etc The tea color is like a rainbow ending in the fairness cup, making the glass fairness cup the first choice for tea making. White porcelain fairness cup is also very popular.
5. Ethnic Pu-erh tea ware
Ethnic tea ware includes tea-baking jars and earthen pots, etc. Those from the Pu-erh tea-producing areas in Yunnan give the tea a primitive and natural taste.

6. Other complementary tea ware
There are many contemporary tea sets, such as the kettle stand, the strainer, the tea cloth, the teaspoon, etc. Making Pu-erh tea is a quiet and joyous process.
There is no single unified principle of choosing tea ware for making the tea. As long as it suits the characteristics of the tea and the drinker, it is good tea ware.

Friday, September 28, 2012

Preparing Tea Leaves

1. Loosening compressed tea
Pu-erh tea is known as the seven-cake tea. Although we find loose Pu-erh tea, it is best preserved in the shape of cakes. So most types of Pu-erh tea are in tea cakes. Loose tea leaves can be used to make tea directly but the compressed leaves must be first loosened.
Loosen the tea with a tea knife: If the compressed tea cake is not too hard, then shake or poke lightly and tea leaves will separate. If it is hard, loosen it with a knife specially made for loosening compressed tea. Start from the relatively loose part at the corners of the cake, insert the knife, gently prize and loosen the leaves and put them into the tea holder for use. It is simple and convenient to loosen compressed tea leaves with a tea knife but the leaves break easily.
Loosen the tea by steaming: Before compressing, the leaves were steamed to soften them. Now too, we can steam the cake to loosen the leaves without damaging the leaves. This is a little more complicated than loosening the leaves with the tea knife.
Irrespective of the kind of ceramic teapots used, the method is similar: Steam the cake and take it out when it expands and loosen it with hand or knife while it is hot. It is much easier to loosen the whole cake, and the leaves remain unbroken.
But if there is leftover tea after use, dry the loosened tea before putting away. According to some, the leaves loosened by steaming are less fresh.
But different people have different feelings about such subtle details.
Waking up loose tea: The well- preserved loose tea should be exposed to the air before being brewed. This is called "waking up the tea." After which, the tea smells more fragrant and tastes mellower. This is similar to letting red wine breathe to enhance its taste.
After waking up the leaves, put adequate leaves into the tea holder for
use.

2. Quantity of leaves
The quantity of leaves needed varies according to individual preference, the brewing method, the size of tools and the characteristics of the tea.
Usually the ratio between the amount of tea leaves and water is 1:40 or 1:45, but this can be adjusted according to different tastes. For example, in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, people love strong tea so more leaves can be added, while northern people are fond of weak tea so the quantity of leaves can be reduced. The amount of tea needed also varies according to the characteristics of the tea. For example, processed tea, raw tea and old tea (including raw tea preserved for a certain period of time) need varying amount of leaves. As different types of Pu-erh tea have different raw materials, processing techniques, preserving conditions and storage time, we should not be dogmatic in terms of the amount of tea leaves needed.

Thursday, September 27, 2012

Preparations For Making Pu-erh Tea

According to the Chinese way of tea making, the kind of containers and types of tea brewed may vary; in order to have a cup of fragrant tea, good tea leaves, fresh water, appropriate water temperature and timing are key. The following are the major steps for making tea:
Clean and warm the containers: Warm the kettle and tea cups by pouring boiling water.
Add tea leaves: Take out the adequate amount of tea leaves from the tea-leaf container and put them in the teapot or cups.
Brew the tea: Pour water (80-100°) onto the tea leaves and steep.
Savor the tea: Pour the tea liquid in a cup to drink it or directly drink from the cups or teapot where the tea is brewed.
The steps for making Pu-erh tea is not different from making other kinds of tea. The difference lies in the special quality and form of Pu-erh tea.
Compressed Pu-erh tea should be loosened and "woken up" for a while. Pu-erh tea is slightly different from other types of tea in terms of preparing tea leaves and tools, amount of leaves needed, water temperature and timing.